Sample Applications of ATR as an entry tool:

ATR作为一種入场工具的应用示例

Entry Setups: (Remember, entry setups tell us when a possible trade is near.

Entry triggers tell us to do the trade now.)

入场背景：（记住，入场背景告诉我们不久将会出现交易机会，而入场触发器告诉我们现在入场交易）

Range contraction setup: Many technicians have observed that big moves often emerge from quiet sideways markets. These quiet periods can be detected quite easily by comparing a short period ATR with a longer period ATR. For example if the 10 bar ATR is only .75 or less of the 50 period ATR it would indicate that the market has been unusually quiet lately. This can be a setup condition that tells us an important entry is near.

波动区间收缩背景：许多技术派已经注意到大幅价格运动往往出现在价格平静的横盘整理之后。通过比较短期ATR和长期ATR可以非常容易的鉴别出价格平静的横盘整理区间，比如当10期ATR小于等于0.75倍50期ATR时，就表明近期市场不寻常的平静。这就是一个背景条件，表明关键的入场时机就在眼前。

Range expansion setup: Many technicians believe that unusually high volatility means that a sustainable trend is underway. Range expansion periods are just the opposite of the range contraction periods. Range expansion periods can be measured by requiring that the 10 bar ATR be some amount greater than the 50 period ATR. For example the 10 bar ATR must be 1.25 or more times the 50 period ATR.

波动区间扩张背景：许多技术派相信不同寻常的价格移动意味着一个幅度可观的趋势正在形成。波动区间扩张时期正好与波动区间收缩时期相反，这时我们要求10期ATR大于50期ATR，例如10期ATR大于等于50期ATR的1.25倍。

If you are concerned about the apparent contradiction of these two theories we could easily combine them. We could require that a period of low volatility be followed by a period of unusually high volatility before looking for our entry.

如果你对这两種截然相反的情况有兴趣，我们可以非常容易的将两者融合在一起。我们寻找的入场机会在什么时候呢？在波动区间收缩之后紧跟着波动区间扩张的时候。

Dip or rally setup: Lets assume that we want to buy a market only after a dip or sell it only after a rally. We could tell our system to prepare for a buy entry whenever the price is 3 ATRs or more lower than it was five days ago. Our setup to sell on a rally would be that we want to sell short only when the price is 3 ATRs or more higher than it was five days ago. The choice of 3 ATRs and five days is simply an example and isn抰 necessarily a recommended choice of parameters. You will have to figure out the proper parameters on your own depending on the unique requirements of your particular system.

回调或反弹背静：假定我们只想在市场回调时买入，在市场反弹时卖出。当价格比5天前的价格至少低3倍ATR时，我们可以让我们的系统准备买入。当价格比5天前的价格至少高出3倍ATR时，我们可以让我们的交易系统准备卖空。

Entry Triggers:

入场触发器：

Volatility Breakout: This theory assumes that a sudden large move in one direction indicates that a trend in the direction of the breakout has begun. Normally the entry rule goes something like this: Buy on a stop if the price rises 2 ATRs from yesterday抯 close. Or sell short on a stop if the price declines 2 ATRs from the previous close. The general concept here is that on a normal day the price will only rise or fall 1 ATR or less from the previous close. Rising or falling 2 ATRs is an unusual occurrence and indicates that something out of the ordinary has influenced the prices to cause the breakout. The inference is that whatever caused this breakout has major importance and a new trend is beginning.

波动性突变：该理论认为突然出现的某个方向的大幅运动表明与该方向相同的趋势正在形成。一般来说，我们的入场规则可以表述为：当价格比上一交易日收盘价高2ATR时买入，当价格比上一交易日收盘价低2ATR时卖出。这里的一般概念是在平常交易日里价格涨跌不会超过上一交易日收盘价1ATR，超过上一交易日收盘价2ATR的价格涨跌是不寻常的事件，这表明有什么不同寻常的事發生了。由此可以做出的结论是：促使价格这么运动的原因是实质性的，一个新的趋势正在形成。

Some volatility systems operate by measuring the breakout in points rather than units of ATR. For example the system may require that the Yen must rise 250 points from the previous close to signal a breakout to the upside. Systems measuring points rather than units of ATR may need frequent reoptimization to stay in tune with current market conditions. However, breakouts measured in units of ATR should not require reoptimization because, as we previously explained, the ATR value contracts and expands with changing market conditions.

一些波动性突变系统的评价标准以点数为单位，而不是以ATR为单位。例如它们认为当日元比上一个收盘价高出250点时才表明上升趋势出现。以点数为单位而不是以ATR为单位的交易系统需要不断的调整优化，才能与市场变化保持一致。然而，以ATR为单位的交易系统不需要优化，正如我们以前解释的那样，ATR值会随着市场变化而变化。

Change in direction trigger: Lets assume that we want to buy a dip in a rising market. We combine the dip or rally setup described above with an entry trigger that tells us the dip or rally may be over and the primary trend is resuming.

方向改变触发器：假定我们想在上升趋势中的回调买入，我们可以将我们之前谈到的回调或反弹背景与入场触发器结合起来，后者能告诉我们什么时候回调或反弹已经结束，也就是告诉我们主要趋势什么时候正在恢复。

The series of rules might read something like this: If the close today is 2.0 ATRs greater than the 40 day moving average (this condition establishes that the long term trend is still up) and the close today is 2 ATRs or more below the close seven days ago (this condition establishes that we are presently in a dip within the uptrend) then buy tomorrow if the price rises 0.8 ATRs above todays low. This entry trigger shows that we have rallied significantly from a recent low and that the dip is probably over. As we enter the trade the prices are again moving in the direction of the major trend.

这一系列规则可以表述为：如果今天的收盘价比40天移动均价高2ATR或更多，这表明长期趋势是向上的；而且今天的收盘价比七天前的收盘价低2ATR或更多，这表明我们正处在上升趋势的回调中，那么我们就会在明天价格比今天最低价高出0.8ATR时买入。入场触发器表明市场已经从近期低点中恢复上涨，回调可能已经结束，当我们进入市场后，市场会再次向主趋势方向运动。

As you can see, the ATR can be a most valuable tool for designing logical entries. In our next article we will discuss using ATR in our exit strategies and give some interesting examples.

正如你在上面看到的，ATR在设计合理入场策略时是非常有价值的工具。在我们的下篇文章中，我们将会讨论ATR在退出策略中的应用，并给出一些有趣的应用实例。

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