£¨¶þ£©Ì×ÆÚ±£Öµ
¤K¤K¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÄÜÂú×ãÊг¡²ÎÓëÕ߶ԹÉÊзçÏնԳ幤¾ßµÄÇ¿ÁÒÐèÇó,´Ù½øÒ»¼¶Êг¡ºÍ¶þ¼¶Êг¡µÄ·¢Õ¹¡£¾ßÌå±íÏÖÔÚ£º1¡¢Ñϸñ˵À´,¸ö¹ÉµÄ¼Û¸ñ·çÏÕÖ»ÄÜͨ¹ýÏàÓ¦µÄ¹ÉƱÆÚ»õ½øÐзçÏնԳ壻µ«µ±¹ÉƱÊг¡³öÏÖϵͳÐÔ·çÏÕʱ,¸ö¹É»ò¹ÉƱ×éºÏͶ×ʾͿÉͨ¹ý¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼½øÐÐÌ×ÆÚ±£Öµ¡£2¡¢¹ÉƱ³ÐÏúÉÌÔÚ°üÏú¹ÉƱµÄͬʱ,Ϊ¹æ±Ü¹ÉÊÐ×ÜÌåϵøµÄ·çÏÕ,¿Éͨ¹ýÔ¤ÏÈÂô³öÏàÓ¦ÊýÁ¿µÄ¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼ÒÔ¶Ô³å·çÏÕ¡¢Ëø¶¨ÀûÈó¡£3¡¢µ±ÉÏÊй«Ë¾¹É¶«¡¢Ö¤È¯×ÔÓªÉÌ¡¢Í¶×Ê»ù½ð¡¢ÆäËûͶ×ÊÕßÔÚ³ÖÓйÉƱʱ,¿Éͨ¹ýÂô³ö¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼¶Ô³å¹ÉÊÐÕûÌåϵøµÄϵͳÐÔ¼Û¸ñ·çÏÕ,ÔÚ¼ÌÐøÏíÓÐÏàÓ¦¹É¶«È¨ÒæµÄͬʱά³ÖËù³Ö¹ÉƱ×ʲúµÄÔÓмÛÖµ£»¼õÇἯÖÐÐÔÅ×ÊÛ¶Ô¹ÉƱÊг¡Ôì³ÉµÄ¿Ö»ÅÐÔÓ°Ïì,´Ù½ø¹ÉƱ¶þ¼¶Êг¡µÄ¹æ·¶Óë·¢Õ¹¡£
£¨Èý£©×ʲúÅäÖÃ
¤K¤K¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ¾ßÓÐ×ʲúÅäÖõŦÄÜ,¾ßÌå±íÏÖÔÚ£º
¤K¤K1¡¢Òý½ø×ö¿Õ»úÖÆ¡£×ö¿Õ»úÖÆʹµÃͶ×ÊÕßµÄͶ×ʲßÂԴӵȴý¹ÉƱ¼Û¸ñÉÏÉýµÄµ¥Ò»Ä£Ê½×ª±äΪ˫ÏòͶ×Êģʽ,ʹͶ×ÊÈ˵Ä×ʽðÔÚÐÐÇéϵøÖÐÒ²ÄÜÓÐËù×÷Ϊ¶ø·Ç±»¶¯ÏÐÖá£2¡¢±ãÓÚ·¢Õ¹»ú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕß,´Ù½ø×éºÏͶ×Ê¡¢¼ÓÇ¿·çÏÕ¹ÜÀí¡£
¤K¤K3¡¢Ôö¼ÓÊг¡Á÷¶¯ÐÔ,Ìá¸ß×ʽðʹÓÃЧÂÊ,ÍêÉÆ×ʱ¾Êг¡µÄ¹¦Äܵȡ£
¤K¤Kº£Íâ¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄ²úÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹
¤K¤K¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡×î³õµÄ²úÉúÊÇ»ùÓÚΪ»ú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕߣ¨ÓÈÆäÊÇÖ¸ÊýͶ×Ê»ù½ð£©Ìṩ±ÜÏÕ¹¤¾ßµÄ¿¼ÂÇ£¬Ò»°ã²»ÍâºõÕâÑùÈý¸öÌõ¼þ£ºÒ»ÊǶԻú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕß¹æ±ÜϵͳÐÔ·çÏÕµÄÏÖʵÐèÇ󣻶þÊǽðÈÚ´´ÐµĶ¯Á¦£»ÈýÊÇÏà¹Ø·¨ÂÉ·¨¹æµÄ½¡È«¡£ÃÀ‡øÊÇ×îÔçÍƳö¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ½»Ò׵ćø¼Ò£¬Æä¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õµÄ²úÉú·¢Õ¹µÃÒæÓÚÕâÑù¼¸¸ö·½ÃæµÄÒòËØ£ºÒ»ÊÇ70Äê´ú³õÆÚÓÉÓÚÃÀ‡ø³ÖÐøÁ½Î»ÊýµÄͨ»õÅòÕ͵¼Ö¹ÉÊб©µø£¬³öÏÖÁ˶ÔÏÖ»õÊг¡±ÜÏÕ¹¤¾ßµÄÐèÇ󣻶þÊÇ1974ÄêÃÀ‡ø‡ø»áͨ¹ýµÄ¡¶ÍËÐÝÊÕÈë±£ÕÏ·¨¡·ÒªÇóÍËÐÝ»ù½ð¹ÜÀíÈË×ñÑ“½÷É÷ÈËÔÔò”¹ÜÀí×ʽð£¬Ñϸñ·ÖÉ¢ºÍ¹æ±ÜÊг¡·çÏÕ£¬½øÒ»²½Ç¿»¯ÁËÆä±ÜÏÕÐèÇó£»ÈýÊÇ80Äê´ú³õÆÚȯÉ̳ÐÏúÊÕÒæºÍÓ¶½ðÊÕÈë´ó·ù½µµÍ£¬ÆÈʹȯÉ̽øÐнðÈÚ´´Ð£¬Å¬Á¦Ñ°ÇóеÄÓ¯Àûģʽ£»ËÄÊÇ1974ÄêÉÌÆ·ÆÚ»õ½»Ò×ίԱ»áµÄÉèÁ¢¼°Æäºó¶Ô¡¶ÉÌÆ·½»Ò×·¨¡·¹ÜϽ·¶Î§µÄÀ©´óΪ¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õµÄ²úÉúɨÇåÁË·¨ÂÉÕÏ°¡£µ«ÊÇÃÀ‡øµÄÇé¿ö²¢²»ÄܽâÊÍÒ»ÇУ¬ÓÈÆäÊÇ90Äê´úÒÔÀ´ÑÇÖÞ‡ø¼ÒºÍµØÇøÈçÈÕ±¾¡¢º«‡øºÍÎÒ‡ø̨ÍåµØÇø¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õµÄ²úÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹¡£ÕâЩ‡ø¼ÒºÍµØÇø¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄ²úÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹ÓëÆä֤ȯÊг¡µÄ¶ÔÍ⿪·ÅÓÈÆäÊÇQFIIÖƶÈÊÇÃÜÇÐÏà¹ØµÄ¡£
1¡¢ÈÕ±¾¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄ²úÉúÓë·¢Õ¹
¤K¤KÈÕ±¾¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄ·¢Õ¹¾ÀúÁ˽ÏΪÃ÷ÏÔµÄÈý¸ö½×¶Î¡£
¤K¤KµÚÒ»½×¶Î£º80Äê´ú³õÆÚµ½1987Ä꣬¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÔÚÍâ½çÒòËصÄÍƶ¯Ï´ÓÎÞµ½Óеijõ²½ÊÔÑé½×¶Î¡£ÈÕ±¾ÓÚ80Äê´ú³õÆÚ¼´ÒÑ¿ª·ÅÁËÆä֤ȯÊг¡£¬ÔÊÐí¾³ÍâͶ×ÊÕßͶ×ʾ³ÄÚ¹ÉÊС£µ«ÊÇ£¬Æä¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õºÏԼȴÊ×ÏȳöÏÖÔÚº£Í⣬1986Äê9ÔÂ3ÈÕ£¬ÈÕ¾225Ö¸ÊýÆÚ»õÔÚмÓƽðÈÚÆÚ»õ½»Ò×Ëù£¨SIMEX£©½»Òס£°´ÕÕÈÕ±¾µ±Ê±µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×·¨¹æ¶¨£¬Ö¤È¯Í¶×ÊÕß´ÓÊÂÆÚ»õ½»Ò×±»½ûÖ¹¡£ËùÒÔ£¬µ±Ê±µÄÈÕ±¾Ö¤È¯Êг¡²¢²»¾ß±¸ÍƳö¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ½»Ò׵ķ¨ÂÉÌõ¼þ¡£¶øÇÒ£¬°´ÕÕµ±Ê±µÄ֤ȯ½»Ò×·¨£¬ÈÕ±¾‡øÄڵĻù½ðÊDZ»½ûֹͶ×ÊSIMEXµÄÈÕ¾225Ö¸ÊýµÄ£¬Ö»ÓÐÃÀ‡øºÍÅ·Ö޵Ļú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕßÀûÓÃSIMEXµÄÈÕ¾225¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼¶ÔÆäͶ×ÊÓÚÈÕ±¾µÄ¹ÉƱ½øÐÐÌ×ÆÚ±£Öµ¡£±¾‡øµÄ»ú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕßÃ÷ÏÔ´¦ÓÚ²»ÀûλÖ᣻ùÓÚÕâÑùµÄÔÒò£¬1987Äê6ÔÂ9ÈÕ£¬ÈÕ±¾ÍƳöÁ˵ÚÒ»Ö§¹ÉƱָÊýÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼———50·N¹ÉƱÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼£¬Êܵ±Ê±Ö¤È¯½»Ò×·¨½ûÖ¹Ïֽ𽻸îµÄÏÞÖÆ£¬50·N¹ÉƱÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼²ÉÈ¡ÏÖ»õ½»¸î·½Ê½£¬ÒÔ¹ÉƱָÊýËù´ú±íµÄÒ»À¿×Ó¹ÉƱ×÷Ϊ½»¸î±êµÄ¡£µÚ¶þ½×¶Î£º1988Äêµ½1992ÄêÖð²½ÍêÉƵĹý¶É½×¶Î¡£ÕâÒ»½×¶Î£¬Í¨¹ýÐ޸ĺÍÖƶ©·¨ÂÉ£¬‡øÄÚ¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡Öð²½×ßÉÏÕý¹ì¡£50·N¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ¸Õ¸ÕÍƳöµÄÇ°¼¸¸öÔ£¬½»Ò×·¢Õ¹»ºÂý£¬Ö±µ½1987Äê¹ÉÊб©µøºó½»Ò×Á¿Ñ¸ËÙ·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´¡£1987Äê10ÔÂ20ÈÕÉÏÎ磬ÈÕ±¾Ö¤È¯Êг¡ÎÞ·¨¿ªÊ¼½»Ò×£¬ÂôÅÌÔ¶´óÓÚÂòÅÌ£¬ÓÉÓÚÕǵøÍ£°åµÄÏÞÖÆ£¬½»Ò׸տªÊ¼¼´´ïµ½µøÍ£°å¡£ÓÉÓÚµ±Ê±50·N¹ÉƱÆÚ»õºÏԼʵÐÐÏÖ»õ½»¸î£¬ËùÒÔ£¬¾³ÄÚͶ×ÊÕßÒ²ÎÞ·¨ÊµÊ©¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ½»Òס£¶øÔÚSIMEX½»Ò׵ľ³ÍâͶ×ÊÕßÈ´Äܹ»¼ÌÐø½»Ò×ÆÚ»õºÏÔ¼¡£ÊÜ´ËʼþÓ°Ï죬1988ÄêÈÕ±¾½ðÈÚÊг¡¹ÜÀíµ±¾ÖÅú×¼ÁË´óÚæ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¹ØÓÚ½øÐÐÈÕ¾Ö¸ÊýÆÚ»õ½»Ò×µÄÉêÇë¡£1988Äê5Ô£¬ÈÕ±¾ÐÞ¸Ä֤ȯ½»Ò×·¨£¬ÔÊÐí¹ÉƱָÊýºÍÆÚȨ½øÐÐÏֽ𽻸µ±Äê9Ô´óÚæ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¿ªÊ¼ÁËÈÕ¾225Ö¸ÊýÆÚ»õ½»Òס£1992Äê3Ô£¬´óÚæ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù50·N¹ÉƱÆÚ»õÍ£Ö¹Á˽»Òס£µÚÈý½×¶Î£º¶Ô¹ÉƱָÊý½øÐÐÐ޸ģ¬¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡×ßÏò³ÉÊì¡£ÓÉÓÚÈÕ¾225Ö¸Êý²ÉÓõÚÒ»ÅúÉÏÊеÄ225·N¹ÉƱ£¬ÒԹɼۼòµ¥Æ½¾ùµÄÐÎʽ½øÐÐÖ¸Êý»¯¡£Õë¶ÔÕâÑùµÄÇé¿ö£¬´óÚæ֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¸ù¾Ý´ó²Øʡָʾ£¬¿ª·¢³öÁËеĶÔÏÖ»õÊг¡Ó°ÏìСµÄÈÕ¾300Ö¸ÊýÆÚ»õÒÔÈ¡´úÈÕ¾225£¬²¢ÓÚ1994Äê2ÔÂ14ÈÕÆð¿ªÊ¼½»Òס£´Ëºó£¬ÈÕ±¾¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡±ãÕýʽ×ßÏò³ÉÊì¡£
2¡¢º«‡ø¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õÊг¡µÄ²úÉú
¤K¤Kº«‡ø¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õµÄ²úÉúÔ´ÓÚÆä×ʱ¾Êг¡µÄÖ𲽿ª·Å£¬ÒÔ¼°ÕýʽÒýÈëQFIIÖ®ºó¶ÔÓÚÊг¡±ÜÏÕ¹¤¾ßÈÕÒæÆÈÇеÄÐèÇ󣬵«ÊÇ£¬ÓÉÓÚûÓÐÏóÈÕ±¾Êг¡ÄÇÑùÔâÓöÍâ‡øÊг¡µÄ¾ºÕù£¬Æä¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õµÄÍƳö½ÏΪ´ÓÈÝ£¬ÔÚ·¨ÂÉ·¨¹æ¡¢Í¶×ÊÕß½ÌÓý¡¢½»Ò×ϵͳÒÔ¼°Ö¸ÊýÉè¼ÆµÈ·½ÃæµÄ×¼±¸Ò²¸ü³ä·Ö¡£1981Ä꣬º«‡øÐû²¼ÁË×ʱ¾Êг¡‡ø¼Ê»¯¼Æ»®¡£1984Ä꣬º«‡øÕþ¸®ÔÊÐí¾³ÍâͶ×ÊÕßͨ¹ý¾³ÄڵĻù½ð£¨º«‡øÐÅͶ£©¼ä½ÓͶ×ʾ³ÄڵĹÉƱ£»µ½1992Äêµ×£¬¾³ÍâͶ×ÊÕßͨ¹ýº«‡øÐÅͶ¶Ôº«‡øµÄͶ×Ê´ïµ½ÁË150ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬½Ó½üº«‡ø֤ȯÊг¡×ÜÊÐÖµµÄ1.5%£¬¼ÓÉϵ±ÄêQFIIÖ±½ÓÂòÂô¹ÉƱµÄÊý¶î£¬¾³ÍâͶ×ÊÕß³ÖÓеĹÉƱÊÐÖµ´ïµ½º«‡ø֤ȯÊг¡×ÜÊÐÖµµÄ3.1%¡£ÔÚÊýÁ¿¿ìËÙÔö³¤µÄͬʱ£¬¹ÉƱÊг¡½á¹¹·½ÃæµÄ†–î}Ò²Öð½¥±©Â¶³öÀ´£¬Í¶×ʹ¤¾ßȱ·¦£¬ÓÈÆäȱ·¦¹æ±Ü·çÏյŤ¾ß£¬ÈËÃÇÎÞ·¨ÓÐЧµØ¹ÜÀíÊг¡²¨¶¯Ëù´øÀ´µÄ·çÏÕ¡£ÕâÔö¼ÓÁËÊг¡µÄ²¨¶¯ÐÔ¡£ËäÈ»´Ó1985Äêµ½1990Ä꣬º«‡ø¹ÉÊÐÒ»Ö±´¦ÓÚÉÏÕÇÇ÷ÊÆ£¬µ«Ã¿¸ô3ÖÁ5¸öÔ£¬¹ÉÊж¼»á³öÏÖÉÏϽÏΪÏÔÖøµÄ²¨¶¯¡£Õâ±íÃ÷Èç¹ûÔÚº«‡ø֤ȯÊг¡ÒýÈë¹ÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ£¬Í¶×ÊÕßÀûÓùÉÖ¸ÆÚ»õ½øÐÐÌ×ÆÚ±£ÖµµÄÐèÇ󽫻áºÜ¸ß¡£1987Äê11Ô£¬ÔÚÈ«Çò¹ÉÊоÀúÁË“ºÚÉ«ÐÇÆÚÒ»”µÄ±©µøÖ®ºó²»¾Ã£¬º«‡øÐÞ¸ÄÁË֤ȯ½»Ò×·¨£¬ÊÚȨº«‡ø֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù½¨Á¢ÆÚ»õÊг¡¡£1992Äê4ÔÂÖÁ1993Äê4Ô£¬º«‡ø֤ȯ½»Ò×Ëù¿ªÕ¹Á˶Իú¹¹Í¶×ÊÕßÖ¸µ¼ºÍ½ÌÓý¹¤×÷¡£